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第11讲:连词之名师点拔

  连词常考到的有以下几个词组:
1.both ...and:表示"两者都...".注意:当both...and 连接主语时,后面动词一般要用复数。如:Both Lily and Lucy are right.
2.not only... but also: "不仅...而且..."。注意:后面动词采用就近原则,与but also后的词保持一致。
如:Not only my parents but also my brother likes the cat.
3.either...or:"或者...或者..."。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。如:Either you or I am wrong.
4.neither...nor:"既不...也不..." 是 "either...or" 的否定形式。谓语动词采用就近原则,与nor后的词保持一致。  
如:Neither you nor he is right.
5.or的用法: 意思为"否则"。如:I must work hard, or I'll fail in the exam.(我必须好好学习,否则我会考不及格了。)
6.while, when, as
这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句,但用法有所不同。
1) 当某事正在进行的时候,又发生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。例如:
As/When/While I was walking down the street I noticed a police car.
2) 当两个长动作同时进行的时候,最常用的是while。例如:
While mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my homework.
3) 当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时,最常用的是as。例如:
As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around them.
4) 当两个短动作同时发生时,或表示“一边…一边…”时,最常用as。例如:
Just as he caught the fly, he gave a loud cry.
She looked behind from time to time as she went
5) 当从句的动作先于主句的动作时,通常用when。例如:
When he finished his work, he took a short rest.
6) 当从句是瞬间动作,主句是延续性动作时,通常用when。例如:
When John arrived I was cooking lunch.
7.as, because, since , for
这四个词都可表原因,但用法有区别。
1) 如果原因构成句子的最主要部分,一般用because。因此,because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如:
I stayed at home because it rained.
---Why aren’t you going?
---Because I don’t want to.
2) 如果原因已被人们所知,或不如句子的其它部分重要,就用as或since。Since比as稍微正式一点。As和since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如:
As he wasn’t ready, we left without him.
Since I have no money, I can’t buy any food.
3) for用来补充说明一种理由,因此,for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For引导的句子不放在句子的开头。例如:
I decided to stop and have lunch----for I was feeling quite hungry.
8.if, whether
if和whether都可作“是否”讲,在引导宾与从句是一般可互换。例如:
I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school.
I don’t know whether (if) he likes that film.
在下列情况下,只能用whether,不能用if:
1) 引导主语从句时。例如:
Whether he will come to the party is unknown.
2) 引导表语从句时。例如:
The question is whether I can pass the exam.
3) 在不定式前。例如:
I haven’t made up my mind whether to go there or not.
9.so…that, such...that
1) so…that中的so是个副词,其后只能跟形容词或副词,而such...that中的such是个形容词,后接名词或名词短语。例如:
I’m so tired that I can’t walk any farther.
It was such a warm day that he went swimming.
2) 如果在名词之前有many, much, little, few时,用so,不用such。例如:
He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.
I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.
10.although, but
这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。例如:我们不能说“Although he is
over sixty, but he works as hard as others.”这个句子应改为:Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.
11.because, so
这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。例如:我们不能说“Because John
was ill, so I took him to the doctor.” 这个句子应改为Because John was ill, I took him to the doctor.或John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.

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