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第21讲:被动语态之重要考点

■将语态与主谓一致结合起来命题
1. All the employees except the manager ______to work online at home.
A. encourages          B. encourage         C. is encouraged     D. are encouraged
解析:主语是all the employees(复数) ,而不是the manager,排除答案A和C;又因all the employees与encourage是被动关系,要用被动语态,排除B,故选D。
2. A library with five thousand books _______to the nation as a gift.
A. is offered            B. has offered          C. are offered        D. have offered
解析:a library是offer的承受者,要用被动语态,排除B和D;又因主语(library) 是单数,排除C;故选A。注意:with five thousand books是a library是定语。
■将语态与虚拟语气结合起来命题
—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York?
— I agree, but the problem is ______ he has refused to.
A. will not be sent; that                          B. not be sent; that
C. should not be sent; what                    D. should not send; what
解析:因he与send是被动关系,排除D;又因it (is) necessary后的that从句的谓语要用“(should+) 动词原形”,排除选项A;答句中的表语从句不缺任何句子成分,用that;故选B。
■将语态与倒装结合起来命题
Only after my friend came ______.
A. did the computer repaired                  B. be repaired the computer
C. was the computer repaired                 D. the computer was repaired
解析:因the computer与repair是被动关系,排除A;又因only加状语置于句首,要用部分倒装,排除选项D和B;故选C。
■将固定短语中的名词作主语来增加句子理解难度
Good care must ______babies, particularly while they are ill.
A. take                  B. take of               C. be taken             D. be taken of
解析:由固定短语take good care of(好好照看) 是可知,good care与take是被动关系,排除A和B;选项C中又漏掉了of;故选D。
■在语境中将语态与时态结合起来命题
1. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people ______to eat more fruit and vegetables.
A. persuade              B. will persuade      C. be persuaded      D. are persuaded
解析:因people与persuade是被动关系,排除A和B。又因为主语是一般将来时,条件句中用一般现在时,所以选D。
2. Hundreds of jobs ______if the factory closes.
A. lose                     B. will be lost          C. are lost             D. will lost
解析:因lose与jobs是被动关系,排除A和D;又因条件状语从句是一般现在时,主句中的谓语动词应当是一般将来时,故选B。
3. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ______each year.
A. were washed away                            B. is being washed away
C. are washing away                              D. are being washed away
解析:因good earth(沃土) 与wash away(冲走) 是被动关系,排除C;又因quantities of…作主语,谓语动词用复数,排除B;指近阶段(近些年) 正在发生的事,用现在进行时,排除A;故选D。
4. —The window is dirty. —I know. It ______ for weeks
A. hasn’t cleaned        B. didn’t clean       C. wasn’t cleaned       D. hasn’t been cleaned
解析:由is和for weeks可知,要用现在完成时态,排除B和C;又因It (The window) 与clean是被动关系,要用被动语态,所以选D。
5. —George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to the wedding?
 —No, I ______. Did they have a big wedding?
A. was not invited                                 B. have not been invited   
C. hadn’t been invited                            D. didn’t invite

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