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第9讲:虚拟语气之语法提升

1.(2011?天津质检)My suggestion is that you________much meat.
A.wouldn’t take             B.shall not take
C.not have                 D.won’t have
解析: 当suggest 或suggestion 为“建议”的意思时,与其有关的从句就要用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”,should 可以省略。
答案: C
2.(2011?安徽芜湖调研)If human beings had been a bit less greedy and cruel,more birds and animals________dying out.
A.ought to avoid              B.could have been avoided
C.should have avoided         D.might have avoided
解析: 句意为:如果人类少点贪婪少点残忍,更多的鸟类和动物就有可能免于灭绝。这里考查的是对过去情况的假设,从句用had done,主句用would/could/might have done。avoid “避免”,其后接doing 时没有被动语态。
答案: D
3.(2011?哈尔滨检测)________anyone call,please tell him I’m not free.
A.Must               B.Can
C.May               D.Should
解析: 本题考查情态动词用法。句意为:如果有人给我打电话,就告诉他我很忙。第一个分句是省略了if 虚拟条件句,补充完整为:If anyone should call,please tell him I’m not free.当if 省略时,句子要倒装,故D项正确。
答案: D
4.(2011?北京海淀期末)If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed,we ________there by now.
A.would be                B.are
C.have been                 D.had been
解析: 句意为:如果不是你穿衣服花了那么长时间的话,我们现在就到那里了。从句用了与过去 相反的虚拟语气,但主句与现在情况相反,故选A项。
答案: A
5.(2011?北京海淀期末练习)—If you________to my birthday party last Saturday,you would have met our old friend Jim.
—Oh,what a pity!
A.came                      B.had come
C.would come                D.would have come
解析: 从语意分析,这是非真实条件句中对过去状况的虚拟,主句谓语用should/would/could/might have done,条件句用过去完成时态,答案应选B项。
答案: B
6.(2011?福建龙岩检测)—I didn’t attend the lecture yesterday.
—I________,either,if my mother hadn’t reminded me.
A.wouldn’t              B.wouldn’t have
C.didn’t                D.hadn’t
解析: 考查虚拟语气。从句子中if my mother hadn’t reminded me 知,此处是对过去状况的虚拟,主句应该用should/would/could/might+have done结构,从选项中看只有B项合适(I wouldn’t have 是I wouldn’t have attended the lecture的省略)。
答案: B
7.(2010?南通二模)—How much of the foreign expert’s speech have you understood?
—Next to nothing.I wish I________harder at English.
A.worked               B.had worked
C.would work           D.were working
解析: 考查虚拟语气。wish 后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,此处表示与过去事实相反,意思是:我希望我(过去)更努力地学习英语了。
答案: B
8.(2010?皖南八校第二次联考)Without the help of my English teacher,I________the first prize in the English Speaking Competition.
A.would win               B.would have won
C.would not win            D.would not have won
解析: 考查虚拟语气。这是一个隐含虚拟条件句,含有if my English teacher hadn’t helped me with my spoken English之意,表示与过去的事实相反,故用与过去相反的虚拟语气,因此D项符合题意。
答案: D
9.(2011?长春第一次调研)It is required that the students______mobile phones in their school,so seldom________them using one.
A.should not use;you will see
B.not use;will you see
C.mustn’t use;will you see
D.not use;you will see
解析: 考查虚拟语气和倒装语序。英语中表示命令、建议或要求的动词或名词后面的从句中通常使用should do形式的虚拟语气,sh ould可以省略。seldom是否定副词,位于句首时,句子要采用部分倒装语序。
答案: B
10. (2010?日照二模)“If I________taking drugs,I would be a successful businessman now,” said the dying heroin addict.
A.didn’t start                    B.haven’t started
C.hadn’t started                  D.shouldn’t start
解析: 考查 虚拟语气。此题是一个混合虚拟语气句,从句是对过去事情的虚拟,应用过去完成时,主句指说话时可能产生的结果。
答案: C
11. (2011?福建检测)—I didn’t go to the movie last  night because of the rain.
—What a pity!If I had got the ticket,I________it.
A.wouldn’t have missed                 B .wouldn’t miss
C.didn’t miss                          D.hadn’t missed
解析: 考查虚拟语气。从句为过去完成时,所以主句用would have done结构。
答案: A
12. (2010?南通二模)—Sorry indeed,I________to your birthday party if...
—Forget it.I know you were out on business.
A.must come                 B.would come
C.must have come             D.would have come
解析: 考查虚拟语气。此处表示对过去的虚拟,if后面省略了过去完成时 (补充完整应该是if I had not been out on business),所以主句中应该用should/would/could/might have done结构,因此选D项。
答案: D
13. (2010?合肥二模)—Did you make it at last?
—Yes.But for your help,it________a serious loss.
A.would cause               B.must have caused
C.would have caused          D.may cause
解析: 考查虚拟语气。句意为:——你们最后成功了吗?——成功了,要不是你的帮助,我们的损失就大了。but for...要不是……。
答案: C
14. (2011?潍坊一模)How I wish I________my mouth before I shouted at my mum!
A.shut               B.have shut
C.had shut            D.would shut
解析: 该题考查虚拟语气。wish后跟从句,从句要用虚拟语气,因为后面是过去时,故此处表示与过去事实相反,要用过去完成时。
答案: C
15. (2011?东北三校联考)—Why do you look so upset?
—I broke up with my girlfriend.If only I________more about her.
A.care                       B.cared
C.had cared                   D.had been cared
解析: 考查虚拟语气。If only表示“要是……就好了”,后面的句子要用虚拟语气。表示与过去的事实相反的情况时,谓语动词用had done的形式。因此,C项正确。

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